The Problems With Paying College Players - 1295 Words

Colleges are infamous for pouring millions upon millions of dollars into their sports programs, except of course, when it comes to paying athletes. Because college athletes are not allowed to be paid in accordance to federal law while they simultaneously create large sums of revenue, there has been a heated debate that Kristi Dosh and Mark Cassell readily provide contrasting evidence for. In Dosh’s article, â€Å"The Problems with Paying College Players,† she argues that it would not be fair to pay college players because many college sports programs are already indebted to their school, and if some schools couldn’t afford to pay their players, the well-funded schools would be at an unprecedented advantage. To contrast, Cassell’s â€Å"College Athletes Should be Able to Negotiate Compensation,† takes the viewpoint defending college athletes’ pay because the athletes that bring in the most revenue, the star players, are cheated out of compensa tion in a way that unrightfully benefits those in charge. Although Dosh makes clear points about problems with the financial realities of paying players, Cassell makes the more convincing argument because he uses effective evidence to highlight the injustices of not paying athletes. After attending a conference at which a very intellectual attorney contradicted himself over the issue of whether or not college athletes should or should not be paid, Dosh asks â€Å"where is the money going to come from?† Then, argues that if you let athletes get paid forShow MoreRelatedShould College Athletes Be Paid?1499 Words   |  6 Pages If college athletes are to be paid, it will cause unfair compensation between players who are valued or played more than others. When student athletes are rewarded with a scholarship, they have nothing school related that they would need to pay for. This can lead them to blow all of their income on unnecessary or dangerous things such as drugs and alcohol which could get them removed from the team they are on. Paying college athletes is an unnecessary action that would lead to many problems in schoolsRead MoreShould We Pay College Athletes798 Words   |  4 PagesShould We Pay College Athletes? Should we pay college athletes? That is a big topic in NCAA sports right now. People think that college athletes work hard and that they deserve to get paid. Michael Wilbon is one of these people. At first he was against paying college athletes, but now he is all for it. He says that he is interested in seeing the people that make revenue share a little piece of it. Then you have people like a reporter from the Daily Evergreen. He is against paying the athletes.Read MoreThe Ncaa And Cbs Signed A 10.8 Billion Television Agreement Over 14 Years1371 Words   |  6 Pagesyears. Over the last few years, former college athletes have been arguing with the NCAA about players getting paid. The reason they are arguing is because, the NCAA is a multibillion dollar business. For seventeen years the NCAA was using players’ likenesses in the NCAA Football video game series. For the schools that have players who become popular. An athletic scholarship doesn’t cover all of a player’s costs. Studies have shown that, â€Å"on average, a college athlete’s scholarship leaves them aboutRead MoreShould College Athletes Be Paid?1082 Words   |  5 PagesImagine, if you were in college, and a football player, spending all your time and energy playing football and you are being paid. You work your way up to the NFL tryouts and haven’t been picked . Wouldn’t you be devastated. Now you have nothing else to do. You should’ve focused on something to lean back on in case this would have happened. The article I read was, ‘Should College Athletes be Paid?’. The topic was that people are considering paying college football players. But I don’t beleive thatRead MoreShould College Athletes Be Paid?1398 Words   |  6 PagesSome believe that college athletes at the highest performing schools are better treated than others. Although they do not get paid, they do receive some benefits for being athletes that other students would not get. One advantage for playing a sport is access to scholarships that some schools reserve for the ir athletes. Depending on the school and the athlete’s performance, money towards tuition is often given. Only some schools are willing to grant â€Å"full-ride† scholarships for certain athletes.Read MoreShould College Athletes Be Paid?1079 Words   |  5 PagesCollege sports has become extremely popular over the past few years. With the March Madness tournament held in March and the new College Football Playoff held in January, the NCAA has achieved a great deal of attention and high television ratings. Although colleges make tons of money off of their athletes, college athletes receive plenty of compensation. Paying student athletes would cross the line between professionalism and amateurism and would violate the essence of being a student athlete. StudentRead MoreThe Future Of The Ncaa1634 Words   |  7 PagesSeth M. Marshall Professor Kristen Bradley English 1010 9 November 2015 The Future of the NCAA College athletic programs are among the most popular sporting events in America. With this rise in popularity, the National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) and its colleges have also seen a rise in revenue in recent years. In 2014, the NCAA made over 900 million dollars in revenue. Some collegiate coaches, such as Kentucky’s John Calipari, have yearly salaries in the millions, not counting incentivesRead MoreCollege Athletes Should Be Paid1471 Words   |  6 PagesCollege athletes should be paid. The athletes put in as much work as the people who do get paid. Why should they not be paid? There are many pros for why they should get paid, but there are also many cons on why they should not get paid. The athletes should get paid because of how hard they work in season and the off-season. Do not pay all of the athletes, but pay the ones who are at a D1 college. The athletes should get paid because they put in the same amount of time as the pros do, and the prosRead MoreE ssay on College Athlete: It ´s Time To Pay Them1722 Words   |  7 PagesPaying Them is The Answer In college sports athletes perform on the big stage in front of thousands of people every week and receive no money for their performances. These athletes receive no money for their performance because it is made illegal by the NCAA for any student athlete to receive any type of reward for their performance. In the last five years there has been a heated debate on whether the NCCA should start paying college athletes. People responded to this situation with mixed viewsRead MoreCollege Athletes Should Not Be Paid1404 Words   |  6 Pagesthe United States, college athletics have been immensely popular since the early 1900’s. Ever since then, the three major sports -- football, basketball, and hockey-- have brought in major cash and popularity for colleges around the US. The revenue college sports bring in today is mind boggling. For example, in 2011 the Houston Sentinel found that the University of Texas’ Athletic Program was bringing in $120,288,370. The Longhorns were the the most profitable team in college sports that year;

Project Bread An Organization - 1219 Words

Project Bread is an organization devoted to help end hunger by creating and promoting programs and fundraisers to raise awareness and advocate on hunger. This organization’s intended audience is on anyone and everyone who can help and support end hunger. Partners, donors, sponsors, and the â€Å"tens of thousands of Walkers† fund the Project Bread organization. Walkers are individuals who join in one of their most successful programs called the Walk for Hunger. Walk for Hunger is an annual pledge walk fundraiser that helps bring awareness to hunger in Massachusetts. The main goal to Project Bread is to make healthy nutritional food accessible to everyone, to gather the people in the community and grow together, and to build an efficient food system. Like many other organizations, Project Bread’s main policy is their privacy policy. They reassure the public that the only information that they will collect will be contact information. They explain that they only trade information with similar organizations but if one is uncomfortable with sharing their information, they could contact them. Although they do not have many policies, they do a lot to advocate legislations and public policies that would help end hunger. For example, in 2010, Project Bread help the School Nutrition Bill limit the sale of unhealthy food in school. I think Project Bread is a great way to raise awareness of hunger; a lot of people don’t realize that many people starve because they can’t afford to buyShow MoreRelatedSweet Bee Bakeshop1385 Words   |  6 PagesINTRODUCTION Bread is a food made from a wide variety of plant substances that are ground into flour, mixed with water into dough and is usually baked into loaves or cakes. There are two types of selling the product in a bakeshop: selling by displaying the bread like in Julies Bakeshop and Goldilocks, and delivering the bread like what Gardenia does. At the beginning of Christian Era, Bread has spread to all parts of the world. Man has been making bread of some sorts since the last Ice Age. ItRead MoreSolving the Problem of Homeless Veterans680 Words   |  3 Pageshousing with supportive services. Montachusett Veterans Outreach Center, Inc. (MVOC), is a non-profit organized under tax code 501(c)(3), located in north central Massachusetts. It is one of the oldest continually operating veterans outreach organizations in the nation, in a state that has done much to support its veterans. Founded as the Vietnam Veterans Outreach Center in 1983, the center has expanded its services over its thirty-year existence to include all veterans. The staff of eighteen managesRead Morecoffee shop1685 Words   |  7 Pages I. Project Summary I.1 Name of the Business â€Å" Clique Mobile Cafà © Clique is the proposed name of the business because it’s a converted vehicle that in just one click it is transformed into a business mobile and it has Wi-Fi. In addition, ‘mobile’, as the word itself, it can travel to one place to another while the mobile itself is the kitchen. I.2 Business Logo I.3 Location Burnham Park Baguio City, Benguet I.4 Descriptive Definition of the Project Clique Cafà © is a coffeeRead MoreA Brief Look at Panera Bread1133 Words   |  5 PagesLouis Kane and Ron Shaich founded a bakery-cafà © enterprise named AU Bon Co, Inc. Panera bread started as Au Bon Pain Company in 1981 with units on the East coast of the U.S.A. In 1993 the company purchased St. Louis Bread Company, which had 20 bakery-cafes in the area. In the following years the bakery-cafà © names changed to Panera Bread. Units were opened in malls, shopping centers and airports along the east cost of the United States and internationally throughout the 1980s and 1990s: the companyRead MoreThe Competition With Process Structure, Design Strategy, And Customer Management943 Words   |  4 PagesFerdman (2015) has researched that fast casual food has grown by 550% since 1999, which is 10 times the growth seen in the fast food industry as shown in Appendix A. Swink et al. (2014) positioned that process structures must be determined by the organization to consider their competitive priorities in quality, cost, flexibility, innovation, costs, and timeliness. Taking in consideration that the Chipotle brand uses the assembly line model of preparing food for their customers. The customer has a choiceRead MorePanera Bread1672 Words   |  7 PagesExecutive Summary Problem Statement: While Panera bread has incorporated a great strategy by provided their customers with an upscale, high-quality dining experience in the specialty Cafà © category, they have fallen slightly behind in their pricing strategy in order to remain competitive when so many competitors are offering a similar experience with lower prices. Analysis: Panera’s Strategic intent and vision has been: †¢ Make great bread broadly available to customers across the US †¢ HaveRead MoreMarkeeting962 Words   |  4 PagesIntroduction to Operations Management Figure 1.4 1-16 Introduction to Operations Management Responsibilities of Operations Management Table 1.6 Planning – – – – – – – – – – – Capacity Location Products services Make or buy Layout Projects Scheduling Inventory Quality Costs Productivity Organizing Staffing – Degree of centralization – Process selection – Hiring/laying off – Use of Overtime – Incentive plans – Issuance of work orders – Job assignments Directing Controlling/Improving Read MoreNineteen One Deaths From The Salem Witch Trials847 Words   |  4 Pagesno credible evidence of it, the majority believed that there was some sort of evil sorcery about them and then commended the accused to death. What caused such hysteria within the community? The culprit may have been the fungus that infected their bread called, Ergot. Ergot, the toxic fungus found on rye, is mostly found during the spring and summer months with humid climates (Clues and Evidence). When reproducing, the contaminated grain releases a yellow thick, sticky substance which contains theRead MoreFactors affecting women entrepreneurs success1224 Words   |  5 PagesOperations Management Operations Management William J. Stevenson 1-2 Introduction to Operations Management Operations Management Figure 1.1 The management of systems or processes that create goods and/or provide services Organization Finance Operations Marketing 1-3 Introduction to Operations Management What Do Operations Managers Do? †¢Ã¢â‚¬ ¯ What is ‘Operations’? †¢Ã¢â‚¬ ¯ †¢Ã¢â‚¬ ¯ a function or system that transforms inputs into outputs of greater value WhatRead MoreAn Organization Who Deal With Human Beings Who Become Homeless Or / And Who Is Possible1424 Words   |  6 Pagescustomers, they offer individuals and families lots of supports in terms of advice, information and help. This paper will cover the vison, mission, aim and values pf Focus Ireland, then I will elaborate about the role of social care worker in this organization. Focus Ireland’s vision that â€Å"Each individual entitled to live in a safe place which called home† (2014). They worked with single individuals, families and young individuals too who become homeless or at the risk to become one. Their mission to

Police Body Camera Decline Police Brutality - 956 Words

Technological Era in Policing The dispute of police body cameras truly hit the media hard this week. Blasting from the headlines all citizens were aware that Michael Brown was lethally shot in Ferguson, Missouri. This prompted officers to become fortified with body cameras. This technologically progressive world that we live in today has shaped a world of tweeting, posting and uploading. It’s about time that police departments take advantage of the tools accessible to them, especially with the advancement of equipment. The move forward in technology will help to alleviate speculation on any misconduct perpetrated. There now will be hard honest evidence of any crime committed against a police officer. Does the body camera decline police brutality? Are body cameras more effective in urban or rural areas? Could these cameras decline corruption in policing? These are a few of countless questions that might be brought up about this newly relevant issue. Without even undertaking exploration on this subject you could question a sample of individuals these burning questions. I think that they would agree that it is a necessary evil when dealing with criminals. It’s logical to assume that your every move is being documented and you are theoretically always being â€Å"watched†, in saying that one will in turn do their career to the best of their capabilities. Its elementary science that the independent variable being the camera. The dependent variable is the logged evidence which isShow MoreRelatedPolice Body Cameras On The World870 Words   |  4 Pagesafter the camera s introduction, the use of force by officers’ decline 60%, and citizens’ complaints against police fell 88%†. (Christopher Mims) The introduction of police body cameras impacted the world in many better ways than bad. But, police body cameras were introduced due to the public s awareness to police brutality and numerous of publicity deaths which has impacted the outcome of police interactions. Police body cameras were first thought of when an awareness of police brutality was broughtRead MoreVideo Evidence Builds Trust !913 Words   |  4 Pages Every police officer in the United States should wear body cameras in order to improve trust and rebuild relationships between citizens and law enforcement officers. Studies done across the country have shown a significant decrease in not only citizen complaints brought against the law enforcement but also a decline in incidents where police were involved in forceful activity or brutality. Body cameras will protect cops from false accusations while also protecting citizens from police brutalityRead MoreBeing A Police Officer Is A Daunting Task1108 Words   |  5 PagesBeing a police officer is a daunting task. The constant struggle between protecting life and property and maintaining order, all while acquiring the public’s trust. The implication of use of force, police brutality, misconduct, or racial profiling all und ermine the public’s trust. In order to improve the morale of the officers of these so called allegations, the use of body worn cameras are initiated in hopes of rebuilding the officer’s accountability and credibility. Body worn cameras are usedRead MorePolice Brutality And The Police903 Words   |  4 Pagesin which police killings of unarmed people have drawn national attention. For years, there has been reports of police brutality in multiple cities across the nation. Subsequently, societies faith in the police to do their job without abusing their power of authority is deteriorating. As a result, officers are reluctant to do their job because of the criticism they endure everyday. The society and officers feel threatened by each other. In order to restore the support and trust in the police to do theirRead MorePersuasive Essay On Police Brutality892 Words   |  4 PagesPolice officers once were called peace keepers however now they seem to be nothing more than law enforcing officers. Most still do their jobs but they are more concerned about quotas and making arrests on Innocent people rather than keeping peace. Which as a following result has brought up a lot of apprehensiveness between th e police and their citizens. With increasing violence in cities and states, police officers methods have slowly become more aggressive, bringing a rise in unnecessary policeRead MoreEssay On Police Brutality1123 Words   |  5 PagesPolice brutality is the lavish physical assault or verbal assault during police procedures which can involve interrogating or apprehending a suspect. Police brutality originated from the labor worker strikes in the 1800’s through the 1900’s. The violent brutal act of these officers usually formed around the lower socioeconomic class. Since then police brutality has hit an all-time high in the 21st century. In New York alone there has been reportedly over 72 police brutality reports some reportsRead MoreA Brief Note On Body Mounted Police Cameras1289 Words   |  6 PagesBody-Mounted Police Cameras Our police forces have become center of attention in today’s media; whether it is the constant focus on officer-involved shootings, or the false accusations being made about our police officers and law enforcement agencies, it has raised concerns throughout America. In order to assure fairness to all, there is a new technology being implemented by many law enforcement agencies: The use of body-mounted cameras being worn on all on-duty officers. The benefits of this newly-foundedRead MoreA Report On License And Registration Please907 Words   |  4 Pagesnot only the Police Officers but to make it safe for all who serve and protect us. Police equipped with body cameras are an excellent idea and would provide an opportunity for people to see exactly how situations escalate. They could help stop people from placing blame on the Police Officer that is just doing his job. The body cameras would help everyone understand when force had to be used. Body cameras are not 100% effective there is still room for error. Having all Police Officers toRead MorePolice Brutality Is Becoming Worse And More Documented With The Use Of Cell Phones1399 Words   |  6 PagesMy topic is going to be on police brutality. I chose this topic because police brutality is becoming worse and more documented with the use of cell phones. There are several ways to define police brutality. One way is regarding excessive force or displays of power that are stronger than is necessary to keep a situation safe and in control. I wanted to do more investigating on this topic, since more cases of police brutality which have been recorded have be en surfacing on new outlets, to enlightenRead MorePolice Officers Under Surveillance By Michael Brown1730 Words   |  7 PagesPolice Officers Under Surveillance On a Saturday night in Ferguson, Missouri a 18-year-old named Michael Brown was walking home from stealing from the store and police officer named darren wilson was sent the description of michael brown and Dorian Johnson. Wilson backed up his police car in front of them to block them off their path then a confrontation happened between Brown and Wilson struggling through the window of the police vehicle. Then, Brown walked away from the car but turned around to

The Death Of Horatio Alger - 1652 Words

â€Å"The 0.1 percent in the U.S. today account for more than eight percent of the national income† (Freeland). Economic inequality is also known as income inequality, and it has always been a problem. The gap between the rich and the poor is growing wider and wider because wealth grows faster than the economy according to Thomas Piketty, and people are not able to move up through economic classes according to Paul Krugman. Economic inequality is a problem that can be overcome with raise the minimum wage, expand welfare benefits, and provide higher education. In his TED talk, Piketty forms a simple formula explaining the economic inequality, which is r g. This means the return on capital is higher than the economic growth. In The Death of Horatio Alger, Krugman explains the idea of income mobility in America is less reality now than it was in the 20th century. Also, it was believed to be more reality in the 20th century than it really was (Krugman). Income mobility means one s ability to go from one social economic class to another higher or lower class. The American dream seemed to be a reality as more and more people experienced just that type of income mobility. The two factors which seem most closely related are economics, and the lack of access to education. We are seeing more and more dead end jobs that have little or no room for improvement. Then there is the lack of access to education. Higher education is getting more and more expensive. The difficulty in makingShow MoreRelatedThe Death Of Horatio Alger1813 Words   |  8 Page sto turn into truth in the last couple decades. New York Times columnist and Nobel prize winning economic professor Paul Krugman discusses why and how upward mobility has become increasingly difficult in the past decades in his article â€Å"The Death of Horatio Alger,† which was first published on December 18th 2003 in New York City. His thorough explanation makes it easy to understand just how close the United States is to being a true caste society and the imposing danger of such an event. Harvard professorRead MoreEssay about Great Gatsby862 Words   |  4 Pagesadditional sources cited. The Theme of the American Dream as Explored in F. Scott Fitzgerald’s â€Å"The Great Gatsby† amp; Arthur Miller’s â€Å"Death of a Salesman† A 7 page paper which examines how the theme of the American Dream is presented in the plots of F. Scott Fitzgerald’s 1925 novel, The Great Gatsby, and in Arthur Miller’s 1947 play, Death of a Salesman, with particular emphasis on the characters of Jay Gatsby and Willy Loman. Bibliography lists 8 sources. Filename: The GreatRead MoreFemale Role Models In To Kill A Mockingbird By Harper Lee965 Words   |  4 PagesAccording to the data collected by the Horatio Alger Association, majority of children view their mothers as their greatest role model. In the novel â€Å"To Kill A Mockingbird† by Harper Lee, the protagonist, Scout, lacks this motherly figure in her life. Scout grew up with strong male role models that greatly influenced her life. But due to the absence of a female role model, she now views women in a negative light. But this changes through the novel as she strengthens her connection with CalpurniaRead MoreDeath Of A Salesman By Arthur Miller1250 Words   |  5 Pagesbig question is, In today s society, with its elite layer of upper-class taxpayers and overpopulated corporations, does the concept of the American Dream remain viable for all citizens of the United States? In playwright Arthur Miller s story, Death of a Salesman, written in postwar 1949, the protagonist Willy Loman wants nothing more than to live the American Dream. His insatiable hunger for wealth causes him to prioritize making money above all his other responsibilities. When Willy gets firedRead MoreLife at the Turn of the 20th Century: Summary Notes1004 Words   |  5 Pagesand a modern mass culture emerges. Reforms in Public education raise literacy rates; African Americans work to end legal discrimination. Advances in science and technology help solve Urban problems, including overcrowding, unsanitary conditions, and death*** Section 1: Science and Urban Life: * Urban Planners- Mapped out plans for where buildings and companies would be constructed based on what was around them to complement each other. * Louis Sullivan was an architectural pioneer who designedRead MoreA Futile Love Between Ethan Frome, By Edith Wharton2013 Words   |  9 Pagesfutile love between Ethan Frome and Mattie Silver. Ethan Frome was born on a farm in Starkfield, Massachusetts and has spent nearly the totality of his life there. He went away to college at Worchester but begrudgingly, returned after his father’s death and stayed to take care of his mother whose health was rapidly declining. That’s when he met his wife, Zeena, a woman seven years his senior, who came to his home to help his ailing mother. Due to uncontrollable external and internal forces theyRead MoreHow The American Dream Remain Viable For All Citizens Of The United States?1233 Words   |  5 Pagesboth good and bad. In the postwar era of 1945-1954, the version of the American Dream led people to believe they could make their aspirations come true if they went after nothing more than to be successful. In playwright Arthur Miller s story, Death of a Salesman, written in 1949, the protagonist, Willy Loman, wants nothing more than to live the American Dream. His insatiable hunger for wealth causes him to prioritize making money above all his other responsibilities. When Willy gets fired fromRead MoreThe Forgotten American Dream : Is It Still Alive?2246 Words   |  9 Pageshave been lost to future generations. Horatio Alger, Jr was a 19th century writer that attended Harvard and he published fictional stories of young men establishing themselves in America by rising through the social classes to gain wealth and happiness. Some of his most popular novels were The Cash Boy , Paul the Peddler and The Telegraph. They all included impoverished boys rising to the middle class through determination, hard work, honesty, and bravery (Horatio). These novels assisted the definitionRead MoreI Have Spent My Life Judging The Distance Between American Reality And The American Dream2104 Words   |  9 Pageshistorians and writers have asked and contemplated. Some believe the American dream to be all about being wealthy and successful, and having freedom and democracy. Others believe, as Horatio Alger did, that the American dream is gaining riches from rags. Sylvester Stallone is said to be living the American dream that Horatio Alger portrayed. Stallone went from â€Å"rags to riches†; he was liv ing on very little money and suddenly, after he was inspired to write the script for Rocky, he starred in the film thatRead MoreQuestions and Answers on Mang Tzus Literature2535 Words   |  10 Pagesscrupulous honesty, feelings of others, and aversion to causing others even the slightest pain will realistically stand in the way. The Horatio Alger myth contains three messages: Each of us is judged on his or her merits; we each have fair opportunity to develop these merits; and our merits will eventually win us this wealth and pull us out of our misfortunes. The Horatio Alger myth is typical of quintessential pop. Psychology in that it maintains that success in life has nothing to do with extraneous factors

Animal Testing Essay Introduction Example For Students

Animal Testing Essay Introduction annonEvery year, millions of animals suffer and die in painful tests todetermine the safety ofcosmetics. Substances such as eye shadow and soap are tested onrabbits, rats, guineapigs, dogs, and other animals, despite the fact that the test resultsdon’t help prevent ortreat human illness or injury. Cosmetics are not required to be tested on animals and sincenon-animalalternatives exist, it’s hard to understand why some companies stillcontinue to conductthese tests. Cosmetic companies kill millions of animals every year totry to make a profit. According to the companies that perform these tests, they are done toestablish the safetyof a product and the ingredients. However, the Food and DrugAdministration (FDA)which regulates cosmetic products, does not require animal testing. Some of the testsused on animals are eye irritancy tests, acute toxicity tests, and skinirritancy tests. In eye irritancy tests, a liquid, flake, granule, or powderedsubstance is droppedinto the eyes of a group of albino rabbits. The animals are oftenimmobilized in stocksfrom which only their heads protrude. They usually receive noanesthesia during the tests. After placing the substance into the rabbits eyes, lab techniciansrecord the damage to theeye tissue at specific intervals over an average period of 72 hours. The tests sometimeslast seven to eighteen days. Reactions to the substances includeswollen eyelids,ulceration, bleeding, swollen irises massive deterioration, andblindness. During the tests,rabbits eyelids are usually held open with clips, because of this, manyanimals try to breaktheir necks as they try to escape. Acute toxicity tests, commonly called lethal dose or poisoningtests, determine theamount of a substance that will kill a percentage, even up toone-hundred percent, of agroup of test animals. In these tests, a substance is forced by tubeinto the animalsstomach or through holes cut in their throats. Experimenters observethe animalsreactions which can include convulsions, labored breathing,malnutrition, skin eruptions,and bleeding from the eyes, nose, or mouth. The test was developed in1927 and thetesting continues until at least fifty percent of the animals die(usually takes 2-4 weeks). Like eye irritancy tests, lethal dose tests are unreliable and have toomany variables tohave a constant result. Skin irritancy tests are conducted on rabbits, guinea pigs andother animals. Theprocess involves placing chemicals on the animals raw, shaved skin andcovering the skinwith adhesive plaster. The animals are immobilized in restrainingdevices to prevent themfrom struggling. Meanwhile, laboratory workers apply the chemicalswhich burn into theanimals skin. Alternatives to cosmetic testing are less expensive andgenerally more reliable toperform. Animals have different biological systems than humanstherefore the tests can’tbe as accurate as the current tests. Some alternatives include cellcultures, tissue cultures,corneas from eye banks, and sophisticated computer and mathematicalmodels. Companies can also devise a formula using ingredients already provensafe by the Foodand Drug Administration. Most cruelty-free companies use a combinationof methods toensure the safety of a product. Lobbying by animal welfare groups has resulted in federal,state, and locallegislation severely restricting animal experimentation. For example,under the U.S. Animal welfare act, all animals used in biomedical research must bebought from vendorslicensed by the U.S. Department of Agriculture. The USDA inspectslaboratories whereanimals are used and enforces federal laws regarding treatment and careof the animals. Biomedical scientists have also taken action to prevent the abuse of theanimals, mostlybecause abused animals may not provide reliable data. The AmericanPhysiologicalSociety, the National Institutes of Health, and many other scientificorganizations havejoined to lay down guidelines for the use and treatment of experimentalanimals. Now,there are also many universities with animal welfare committees. .uc2d9a9e0b32886a731c496cf20f26030 , .uc2d9a9e0b32886a731c496cf20f26030 .postImageUrl , .uc2d9a9e0b32886a731c496cf20f26030 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .uc2d9a9e0b32886a731c496cf20f26030 , .uc2d9a9e0b32886a731c496cf20f26030:hover , .uc2d9a9e0b32886a731c496cf20f26030:visited , .uc2d9a9e0b32886a731c496cf20f26030:active { border:0!important; } .uc2d9a9e0b32886a731c496cf20f26030 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .uc2d9a9e0b32886a731c496cf20f26030 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .uc2d9a9e0b32886a731c496cf20f26030:active , .uc2d9a9e0b32886a731c496cf20f26030:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .uc2d9a9e0b32886a731c496cf20f26030 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .uc2d9a9e0b32886a731c496cf20f26030 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .uc2d9a9e0b32886a731c496cf20f26030 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .uc2d9a9e0b32886a731c496cf20f26030 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .uc2d9a9e0b32886a731c496cf20f26030:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .uc2d9a9e0b32886a731c496cf20f26030 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .uc2d9a9e0b32886a731c496cf20f26030 .uc2d9a9e0b32886a731c496cf20f26030-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .uc2d9a9e0b32886a731c496cf20f26030:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Mid-Winter Advance Weekends EssayIn the United States survey by the American Medical Association,it was foundthat 75 percent of Americans are against using animals in cosmetictesting. Hundreds ofcompanies have responded by switching to animal-friendly test methods. To help put anend to animal testing, people can stop buying products that were testedon animals. Youcan also call and write to these companies, or write to yourcongressional representativeabout the alternatives that can be used.

Bluest Eye Essay Example For Students

Bluest Eye Essay Toni Morissons novel The Bluest Eye is about the life of the Breedlove familywho resides in Lorain, Ohio, in the late 1930s. This family consists of themother Pauline, the father Cholly, the son Sammy, and the daughter Pecola. Thenovels focal point is the daughter, an eleven-year-old Black girl who is tryingto conquer a bout with self-hatred. Everyday she encounters racism, not justfrom white people, but mostly from her own race. In their eyes she is much toodark, and the darkness of her skin somehow implies that she is inferior, andaccording to everyone else, her skin makes her even uglier. Shefeels she can overcome this battle of self-hatred by obtaining blue eyes, butnot just any blue. She wants the bluest eye. Morrison is able to use hercritical eye to reveal to the reader the evil that is caused by a society thatis indoctrinated by the inherent goodness and beauty of whiteness and theugliness of blackness. She uses many different writing tools to depict howwhite beliefs have dom inated American and African American culture. The narrative structure of The Bluest Eye is important in revealing just howpervasive and destructive social racism is. Narration in novel comes fromseveral sources. Much of the narration comes from Claudia MacTeer as a nine yearold child, but Morrison also gives the reader the insight of Claudia reflectingon the story as an adult, some first person narration from Pecolas mother, andnarration by Morrison herself as an omniscient narrator. Pecolas experienceswould have less meaning coming from Pecola herself because a total and completevictim would be an unreliable narrator, unwilling or unable to relate the actualcircumstances of that year. Claudia, from her youthful innocence, is able to seeand relate how the other characters, especially Pecola, idolize theideal of beauty presented by white, blue-eyed movie stars likelittle Shirley Temple. In addition to narrative structure, the structure andcomposition of the novel itself help to illustrate how much and for how longwhite ideas of f amily and home have been forced into black culture. Instead ofconventional chapters and sections, The Bluest Eye is broken up into seasons,fall, winter, spring, and summer. This type of organization suggests that theevents described in The Bluest Eye have occurred before, and will occur again. This kind of cycle suggests that there is notion that there is no escape fromthe cycle of life that Breedloves and MacTeer live in. Further, dividing thebook are small excerpts from the Dick and Jane primer that is thearchetype of the white upper-middle class lifestyle. Each excerpt has, in someway, to do with the section that follows. So the section that describes Pecolasmother is started with an excerpt describing Dick and Janes mother, and so on. The excerpts from Dick and Jane that head each chapterare typeset without any spaces or punctuation marks. The Dick andJane snippets show just how prevalent and important the images of whiteperfection are in Pecolas life; Morrisons strange typography illustrates howirrelevant and inappropriate these images actually are. Names play an importantpart in The Bluest Eye because they are often symbolic of conditions in societyor in the context of the story. The name of the novel, The BluestEye, is meant to get the reader thinking about how much value is placed onblue-eyed little girls. Pecola and her family are representative of the largerAfrican-American community, and their name, Breedlove, is ironicbecause they live in a society that does not breed love. In fact, itbreeds hate; hate of blackness, and thus hatred of oneself. The MacTeer girlsare flattered when Mr. Henry said Hello there. You must be Greta Garbo,and you must be Ginger Rogers, for the names ring of beauty that the girlsfee l they will never reach. Soaphead Church represents, as his name suggests,the role of the church in African-American life. I, I have caused amiracle. I gave her the eyes. I gave her the blue, blue, two blue eyes,Soaphead says. The implication is that the churchs promise that if you worshipGod and pray to Him that everything will be alright is no better than Soapheadspromise to Pecola that she will have blue eyes. Morrison reveals thesignificance of Pecolas name through the character of Maureen Peal. Maureenconfuses Pecolas name with the name of a character in the movie Imitation ofLife. By this allusion, Morrison illustrates that Pecolas life is an imitationof the real experiences of black women. Morrison also uses metaphors to describethe conditions under which African-Americans in general and Pecola in particularare forced to live. There are two major metaphors in The Bluest Eye, one ofmarigolds and one of dandelions. Claudia, looking back as an adult, says in thebeginning of the novel, there were no marigolds in the fall of 1941. .ua5161351768ea52dfe22eec40d9d5e50 , .ua5161351768ea52dfe22eec40d9d5e50 .postImageUrl , .ua5161351768ea52dfe22eec40d9d5e50 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .ua5161351768ea52dfe22eec40d9d5e50 , .ua5161351768ea52dfe22eec40d9d5e50:hover , .ua5161351768ea52dfe22eec40d9d5e50:visited , .ua5161351768ea52dfe22eec40d9d5e50:active { border:0!important; } .ua5161351768ea52dfe22eec40d9d5e50 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .ua5161351768ea52dfe22eec40d9d5e50 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .ua5161351768ea52dfe22eec40d9d5e50:active , .ua5161351768ea52dfe22eec40d9d5e50:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .ua5161351768ea52dfe22eec40d9d5e50 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .ua5161351768ea52dfe22eec40d9d5e50 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .ua5161351768ea52dfe22eec40d9d5e50 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .ua5161351768ea52dfe22eec40d9d5e50 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .ua5161351768ea52dfe22eec40d9d5e50:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .ua5161351768ea52dfe22eec40d9d5e50 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .ua5161351768ea52dfe22eec40d9d5e50 .ua5161351768ea52dfe22eec40d9d5e50-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .ua5161351768ea52dfe22eec40d9d5e50:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Family Values EssayShe and her sister plant marigold seeds with the belief that if the marigoldswould grow and survive, so would Pecolas baby. Morrison unpacks the metaphorthroughout the book, and, through Claudia, finally explains it and broadens itsscope to all African-Americans on the last page. I even think now that theland of the entire country was hostile to marigolds that year. Certain seeds itwill not nurture, certain fruits it will not bear . . . The implication isthat Pecola, like so many other African-Americans, never had a chance to growand succeed because she lived in a society (soil) that wasinherently racist, and would not nurture her. The other flower, the dandelion,is important as a metaphor because it represents Pecolas image of herself. Pecola passes some dandelions going into Mr. Yacobowskis store. Why, shewonders, do people call them weeds? She thought they were pretty. AfterMr. Yacobowski humiliates her, she again passes the dandelions and thinks;They are ugly. They are weeds. She has transferred societys dislikeof her to the dandelions. In The Bluest Eye, Toni Morrison tells the story of alittle black girl who thinks that if she can live up to the image of theblue-eyed Shirley Temple and Dick and Jane that she will have the perfect lifethat they have. The importance of this book goes beyond its value as a work ofliterature. Morrison speaks to the masses, both white and black, showing how aracist social system wears down the minds and souls of people, how dominateimages of white heroes and heroines with blue eyes and wonderful lives showyoung black children that to be white means to be successful and happy, and thenthey look around at their own lives of poverty and oppression and learn to hatetheir black heritage for keeping them from the Dick and Jane world. Morrisondoes not solve these problems, nor does she even try, but she does show areflection of a world that cannot call itself right or moral.